Recommendation points
- What is the main advantage of the insulating solution over sheet thermal insulation – foam and expanded polystyrene (PP)
- What is a “capillary pump” (capillary effect) and how does it work in this case
- How ordinary mortar becomes insulating
- Why you should choose factory mixes
- How much does insulation with a solution cost
- What materials can be used together with heat-insulating solutions
What you need to know about wall insulation with heat-insulating plates? Are there plaster solutions that insulate walls? How to use them and how much do they cost? From this article you will receive useful tips and step-by-step instructions for insulating the facade of a house..
When time and cost savings come first, many traditional methods become ineffective. Moral obsolescence of technologies is a rapid process that does not spare the investments made in the production of “yesterday” materials.
Multi-layer insulation is gradually losing ground, and the more layers the system has, the less attention it gets – each layer has to be paid for. Combined materials and layers are the optimal solution for the discerning owner today. In this article we will talk about insulating solutions..
What is the main advantage of the insulating solution over sheet thermal insulation – foam and expanded polystyrene (PP)
PP-based materials have one, but extremely negative feature – by creating an airtight temperature barrier, they almost completely block the vapor permeability of the wall. This means that excess heat and moisture from heating the building is not transferred to the atmosphere, but accumulates in the wall material. This can lead to a whole bunch of problems – from the effect of a “damp wall”, peeling wallpaper with fungus in the future, to wetting and loosening of the structural (supporting) material. This can be prevented by arranging an effective and well-thought-out ventilation system at home with heat recovery..
This invisible but serious problem is gracefully solved by the use of vapor-permeable thermal insulation and facade decoration. Manufacturers of such products design all components with this factor in mind. Even waterproofing (sanitizing plaster) allows steam to pass to one side due to the “capillary pump” (capillary effect).
What is a “capillary pump” (capillary effect) and how does it work in this case
The heated moisture in the form of steam passes from the saturated environment (the atmosphere of the room) into the material of the walls, in other words, the walls get wet, but this is imperceptible. Then the capillary effect comes into play: the ability of moisture to move through thin channels (capillaries) inside the material, especially from wet to dry. The air in the room will generally be saturated, and therefore more “wet”, so that the direction of movement is outward. In autumn and spring, when the humidity outside is higher than indoors, the “pump” pumps water inside.
The vapor that has passed through the wall should evaporate, leaving it in a relatively dry, stable state. But if a “thermos” is encountered on his way, he has no choice but to accumulate in the walls, “damaging the reputation” of the entire building.
If the facade is insulated with a vapor-permeable material, the vapors pass through it from the denser medium of the wall material into the rarefied medium of the insulation and evaporate from the surface (crust) of the exterior finish. This explains why mineral wool slabs do not soak from steam and why they are putty. In the case of a heat-insulating solution, the situation is simplified to the limit – it does not even need a layer of putty.
How ordinary mortar becomes insulating
In theory, this is very simple – by adding light porous materials containing air to it. It can be:
- expanded clay (coarse aggregate, suitable only for thick screed layers);
- vermiculite, perlite (expanded and ground);
- foam balls (weaken the layer due to size and looseness)
- wood chips, sawdust, other organic matter (subject to decomposition).
Vermiculite and perlite are volcanic rocks, which means that there is nothing living in them, and will not be (everything burned down in the volcano). Moreover, they are fired in ovens at 1000 degrees. This produces a swelling effect similar to what we see when making popcorn..
So, we know the secret, and we found vermiculite in free sale. But how do you determine the proportion? Here, alas, one has to act on a whim. Because no manufacturer will issue a recipe for their mixture. Plus, it contains many components that we haven’t even heard of. If you decide to “invent” your own insulating composition by adding “some” vermiculite or ground expanded clay to the solution, then you probably should not read further – the problem is solved.
Interesting fact.The most primitive insulating solution, the so-called fur coat, has been known for a very long time. It includes dump or granular slag. However, the service life of the coating rarely exceeds 20 years..
Why you should choose factory mixes
Reason 1.Absolutely all building materials undergo radiological, bacteriological and other studies. This makes them harmless to human and animal health at all stages of “life” (storage, application, operation).
Reason 2.Each specific composition is developed and tested for a specific task (insulation, decoration, reinforcement, glue). All components are balanced and thoroughly mixed, which is important for a homogeneous solution.
Reason 3.Lack of impurities and organics. The purity of the composition directly affects the life of the coating. Any solution made from artisanal or contaminated materials does not gain the required strength and loses its properties many times faster.
Reason 4.Convenience of storage. It is much easier to store 1 m3 solution in clean bags than in bulk. When manufactured on site, materials will have to be brought from different places in several passes.
Reason 5.Convenience and speed of work. If we are talking about insulating solutions, then for kneading a factory bag you only need a bucket, water and a hand mixer with a whisk. To prepare it on a construction site, you need a concrete mixer, shovels, buckets and a separate workplace with several piles (or bags) of components.
The list can be continued, but the listed factors should be sufficient for clarity in the matter of choice..
How much does insulation with a solution cost
We will give approximate, but real prices in rubles for material and work, based on average conditions, per 1 m2. The advantage of all technology lies precisely in the fact that it is formed by the master (master). This means that there are no mandatory operating conditions for each layer. Work can be limited to any of three stages..
1. Applying an insulating layer. Includes:
- Wall priming – 5 rubles / m2.
- Spray (with a layer of insulation more than 20 mm) – 15 rubles / m2.
- Installation of beacons (optional) – 30 rubles / m2.
- Application of an insulating layer of 50 mm – 450 rubles / m2.
Material: 500 rubles / m2.
Work 300 rubles / m2.
Material and work: 800 rubles / m2.
Note.At this point, you can stop or paint the plaster. When creating a volumetric (rusticated) facade, the elements are formed at this stage.
2. Application of textured finishing. Includes:
- Insulating layer primer – 5 rubles / m2.
- Reinforcement with fiberglass mesh – 20 rubles / m2.
- Facade putty (for reinforcement) – 25 rubles / m2.
- Primer – 5 rubles / m2.
- Application of decorative putty (bark beetle, pebble) – 30 rubles / m2.
Material: 85 rubles / m2 (Stages 1 and 2 – 585 rubles / m2).
Work: 200 rubles / m2 (1 and 2 stages – 500 rubles / m2).
Material and work 285 rubles / m2 (1 and 2 stages 1085 rubles / m2).
Note.The second stage can be done after a significant period of time, for example, for the next season.
3. Painting of the facade:
- Primer – 5 rubles / m2.
- Coloring – 20 rubles / m2.
Material: 25 rubles / m2 (Total 610 rubles / m2).
Work: 50 rubles / m2 (Total 550 rubles / m2).
Material and work: 75 rubles / m2 (Total 1160 rubles / m2).
Completion of all stages is a full-fledged facade decoration, but practically does not affect the thermal insulation properties (except for the first stage). Increases only aesthetic and operational – durability and waterproofing.
Prices for insulating solutions:
Name, manufacturer Thermal conductivity, W / (m? K) Water vapor permeability mg / (m? H? Pa) Consumption *, kg / m2 Release form Unit price, rub. St-th 1 m2, rub. Teplover Standard (internal), Ukraine 0.08 0.09 nine 9 kg bag 200 200 Teplover Light (outdoor), Ukraine 0.067 0.10 7 7 kg bag 240 240 Teplover Premium + (sanitizing), Ukraine 0.096 0.07 7 7 kg bag 720 720 SATSYS Termo In (internal), Czech Republic 0.095 0.063 ten 7 kg bag 600 850 SATSYS Termo Um (outdoor), Czech Republic 0.09 0.069 nine 7 kg bag 550 700 SATSYS Termo UmExtra (improved), Czech Republic 0.08 0.069 7 7 kg bag 850 850 SATSYS Termo San (sanitizing), Czech Republic 0.09 0.072 7 7 kg bag 1250 1250 Haunklif (universal), Russia 0.09 0.23 13 Bag 20 kg 1000 650 WIN TM-30 Perlite (outdoor), Russia 0.16 0.40 25 Bag 20 kg 320 400 EKOSIVA KEM (domestic), Turkey 0.1 0.15 25 Bag 35 kg 220 157 IVSIL TERMOSIL (outdoor), Russia 0.065 0.09 nine Bag 12 kg 975 730 * – with a layer thickness of 25 mm
According to the principle of operation, all vapor-permeable compounds are sanitizing. Therefore, they are not marked as such. But there are special waterproofing solutions in which the effect of sanitation (water drainage from the wall surface) is increased significantly. They are labeled “sanitizing”.
Thermal conductivity of expanded polystyrene 0.05 W / (m? K), vapor permeability 0.05 mg / (m? H? Pa). As can be seen from the comparative analysis, most types of mixtures are practically not inferior to foam plastic in thermal conductivity, and in vapor permeability they significantly exceed it. Therefore, the use of modern technologies in this case fully justifies itself..
What materials can be used together with heat-insulating solutions
The main idea of all “breathing” technologies is to remove steam and moisture from the wall material (it is described above). Accordingly, subsequent layers after insulation (putty, painting) must also pass steam. All prefabricated formulations are part of the component system and you can easily select the right combination of products from one company.
An interesting addition to all that has been said is the description of the latest eco-friendly material. Cork plaster ISOCORK from LLC Russkaya Probka is a unique combined material. The properties of ordinary natural cork have been known since antiquity, and today it is successfully used for interior decoration. A solution based on crushed cork and an acrylic binder serves as an internal insulation and replaces two finishing layers at once – putty and wallpaper.
By choosing materials with combined properties in this way, you will save your own money and valuable time..
Can anyone provide a step-by-step guide on how to properly insulate a facade using plaster?
Can anyone provide step-by-step instructions on how to properly insulate a facade using plaster? I’m interested in learning the techniques and materials required for this process. Any advice or recommended resources would be greatly appreciated. Thank you!
Can you please provide some guidance on the process of insulating a facade with plaster? What materials and techniques should I consider? Any tips or recommendations? Thanks in advance!