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How to make an armopoyas under the ceiling in a house from aerated concrete

This post outlines the steps for constructing an armopoyas, a traditional home ceiling decoration from aerated concrete, in an existing house. The steps cover measuring and cutting the concrete, attaching cables and customizing the armopoyas to fit with existing structures, and creating decorative details. This construction involves minimal time and expense, making it a practical and easy way to update an outdated home's atmosphere with a classic and timeless decorative piece. The end result will be a one-of-a-kind ceiling with a unique style and charm.

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One of the mandatory requirements for the construction of aerated concrete buildings is the arrangement of reinforced concrete belts under the ceilings. Today we will explain the importance of these elements, reveal their role in the physical and mechanical model of the building and explain the rules of arrangement.

How to make an armopoyas under the ceiling in a house from aerated concrete

Specificity of buildings made of aerated concrete blocks

As a building material, aerated concrete has a sufficiently high compressive strength, a wall made of it can withstand, in addition to its own weight, an additional load. At the same time, the stacked blocks are quite sensitive with concentrated impacts and eccentricity, therefore, in the support zone of the roof and floors, it is required to organize a layer that evenly distributes the mass of the laid structures along the entire section of the wall..

The seismic belt has another function โ€“ to ensure sufficient rigidity of the attachment. When constructing a roof, a Mauerlat device is required โ€“ a rigid beam to which trusses or rafter legs are attached, and sometimes also attic floor beams. The Mauerlat itself easily copes with the task of weight distribution, however, it cannot be attached directly to aerated concrete, otherwise the fasteners will weaken over time due to the action of wind loads and the natural fragility of the material.

How to make an armopoyas under the ceiling in a house from aerated concrete

Traditionally, an armored belt is made of reinforced concrete, which promises a number of problems, of which the most important is a violation of a continuous thermal circuit. In this regard, it is required to ensure a thermal break, which in the case of buildings made of aerated concrete is not so easy to do โ€“ there is a strict limitation on the eccentricity of the loads. Plus, the armopoyas must be poured before storing the box for the winter, otherwise, under the influence of volumetric shrinkage of the masonry, cracks may form in the area of โ€‹โ€‹the openings that will not close back.

Device options and calculation of the armopoyas

The seismic belt itself should not be massive. The reinforced concrete tape works in a clamped state, bending and twisting loads are almost completely compensated by the reaction forces of the support. Therefore, in addition to the sufficient rigidity of the belt, only one requirement for its physical and mechanical properties applies: the compressive strength must be at least 2-3 times greater than that of aerated concrete, that is, concrete of class B7.5 or B10 is suitable for pouring the belt.

How to make an armopoyas under the ceiling in a house from aerated concrete

The width of the armopoyas does not have to cover the entire section of the wall. A significant part of aerated concrete houses have walls, the thickness of which provides an excess load-bearing capacity, which is dictated by the requirements for energy efficiency. Therefore, you can take the project data from the section on the calculation of the first group of limit states and specify what wall thickness would be sufficient to withstand the combined loads. This width of the armopoyas will be enough, but it should be located either in the center of the wall section, or with an inward shift.

Structurally, an armored belt for a house made of aerated concrete is of two types. The first one is the casting by the method of permanent formwork, for which special aerated concrete products are used, called trays. The technology of the device with their use is extremely simple, so we will not go deep into it..

How to make an armopoyas under the ceiling in a house from aerated concrete

The second option is pouring into a removable mold according to the same principle as the device of unloading belts or grillages. This option is somewhat more complicated, but it is he who is optimal for walls of complex configuration. In this case, the builder has great freedom of action when choosing the zone for the placement of the thermal break and the Mauerlat fasteners..

Formwork installation

The installation of permanent formwork consists in laying the final row of masonry from U-shaped trays along the entire contour of the box. There are not many difficulties here: only the correct convergence of the cavities of the trays in the corners and the closing of the ends, as well as the execution of undercutting the walls of the trays in the places of the T-shaped abutment of the internal load-bearing walls. The most important requirement is the continuity of the armored belt along the entire contour of the box.

How to make an armopoyas under the ceiling in a house from aerated concrete

We also hasten to warn you that it is unacceptable to use flanging from facing aerated blocks as a permanent formwork: they will be torn off under the mass of expanding concrete, because the contact patch of the adhesive seam at the points is too small. There is a technology according to which a protruding cladding is used as the outer wall of the form, but this option is only suitable for arranging an armored belt with a height of up to 150 mm and only if the upper rows of cladding are rigidly connected to the load-bearing layer of the wall.

How to make an armopoyas under the ceiling in a house from aerated concrete

In the classical version, for pouring the armopoyas, a double-sided formwork is constructed from wooden panels or sheet materials. The formwork is fastened with self-tapping screws to the aerated concrete with a step of no more than 20 cm, in the upper part the shields are fastened together with jumpers every 100 cm. as a base for leveling the mixture.

Reinforcement system

As already mentioned, significant strength is not required from an armored belt; in theory, it could be poured without reinforcement at all. However, in practice, thermal deformations of the building and the belt itself act, therefore, reinforcement in it is still needed, at least to restrain the opening of cracks..

Reinforcement of the armored belt should be performed with reinforcement rods with a periodic profile made of steel of class A300 or A400 with a thickness of 10โ€“12 mm, spaced with an indent of 60โ€“80 mm. In the places of splicing of the rods, their overlap of at least 30 diameters is required, the same โ€“ in the places where corner anchors are installed. For ease of installation, the rods are tied together with transverse inserts from constructive (smooth) reinforcement every 80-100 cm, while the rods must be tied so that a gap of at least 35 mm remains from them to the edge of the formwork, and for casting on fixed formwork โ€“ not less than 20 mm.

How to make an armopoyas under the ceiling in a house from aerated concrete

The girders of the reinforcing tape connected on the ground are placed in the formwork on spacer plastic pads, providing a lower protective layer of at least 20 mm, and then tied together. If you plan to install mortgages for fixing the Mauerlat, they are tied to the reinforcing cage at this stage. After that, thermal break panels are installed, which are usually expanded polystyrene plates with a thickness of 40-50 mm. Depending on the configuration of the walls and the armored belt, the thermal break is arranged either exactly in the center of the wall section with the accompanying separation of the reinforcing tape, or displaced close to the outer wall of the formwork.

How to make an armopoyas under the ceiling in a house from aerated concrete

Pouring concrete

Since the volume of the concrete mixture used for pouring the armopoyas is usually small, it is prepared locally and fed to the filling with buckets, moving along the scaffolding or scaffolding. This method of feeding favorably differs in the uniformity of filling the form and the ease of control of the absence of cavities.

It is recommended to fill the armopoyas evenly along the entire length to exclude the formation of horizontal cold seams. If the volume of work is too large for one day, the armopoyas is divided into sections, installing transverse partitions in the formwork.

How to make an armopoyas under the ceiling in a house from aerated concrete

The concrete must be poured flush with the upper edges of the formwork. After the form is filled in, the concrete is upset by blows of a mallet on the formwork panels and, if necessary, a small portion of the mixture is added. It is possible to remove the formwork 5โ€“7 days after pouring. The entire holding period (28 days) of the armopoyas should be covered with a film, which is pressed down from above by wide boards.

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Comments: 1
  1. Harper Coleman

    Iโ€™m curious to know if anyone has any recommendations or advice on creating an armopoyas under the ceiling in a house built with aerated concrete. What materials are suitable and how should it be constructed? Any specific techniques or considerations to keep in mind? Thank you in advance for any guidance or suggestions you can provide!

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