Ventilated facade made of metal profiles: consistent installation technology

Recommendation points

• What are the advantages of a metal profile for facade cladding
• Installation work for the arrangement of facades. Where to begin
• Ordering and cutting of a metal profile. Preparatory work
• Installation of steam and heat insulation. Features:
• Description of the technology of installation of a ventilated facade

In this article, we will consider the advantages and disadvantages of a ventilated facade made of metal profiles, and also consider in detail the process of installing the facade.

The use of ventilated facades for outdoor decoration is conditioned by three factors:

• the ventilated facade is included in the project;
• preservation and continuation of the operation of the previously constructed building with minimal capital repairs;
• external architectural decoration of a building built without the use of external (facade) facing materials.

Ventilated facades are actively used in both industrial and civil construction. The use of this technology provides constant ventilation of the outer walls (due to air circulation) located under the outer layer, which guaranteedly protects the facade from the accumulation of excessive moisture and prevents the development of various microorganisms, in fact, completely protects buildings from the aggressive effects of the external environment.

Such facades are made of various finishing materials, but in this article we will consider the device of an insulated ventilated facade from a metal profile.

What are the advantages of a metal profile for facade cladding

1. The modern metal profile, which is used for facing the building, is made of high quality galvanized steel with an external polymer coating, which additionally protects the profile sheets and improves the overall appearance of the facade.
2. Due to the structural features, such facades, if necessary, are very easily repaired with minimal involvement of labor (we are not talking about multi-storey buildings and structures). Installation of a ventilated facade from a metal profile can be performed at any time of the year, which is important.
3. Due to the uniqueness of the profile sheet as a building material and various technologies for mounting the subsystem, it is possible to use design solutions of any complexity. In addition, ventilation facades can be used in seismically unstable regions – according to tests, they are able to withstand earthquakes up to 9 points.
4. Ventilated facades give the building additional sound insulation properties.
5. The service life of ventilation facades is at least 50 years.
6. Ventilated facades made of profiled sheet, due to their low weight and design features that evenly distribute the weight, have an insignificant load on the walls of the building.
7. Well, the last advantage, but no less important, is the minimum storage area for building materials.

Installation work for the arrangement of facades. Where to begin

Before starting work on the installation of the subsystem on which the ventilated facade will be attached, it is necessary to carry out a small examination of the building. It is made by visual inspection of the surface of the walls from the inside and outside for cracks and chips. If found, defects must be repaired. Shallow cracks and chips are simply plastered with cement mortar (mortar grade not lower than M100) or ready-made dry mixes. When using dry mixes for repair work, it is necessary to observe the proportions of their preparation and the application technology, that is, if the mix is ​​for interior work, then it should be used inside the building..

When applying plaster mortar with a thickness of more than 1 cm, it is recommended to fill the cleaned surface with a metal mesh, for example, CPVS with a cell size of 20×20 mm. You can fix it using ordinary dowels, which are freely hammered with a hammer in the case of work on brick walls. If the wall is concrete, then a mounting gun or pre-drilling is used.

In the presence of through cracks, if necessary, they are anchored with anchor bolts by drilling them to the required depth – this is done in order to avoid further expansion of the crack. In addition, the crack must be filled with a special repair mortar along its entire depth, with preliminary cleaning and removal of falling off pieces.

Ordering and cutting of a metal profile. Preparatory work

Before starting construction work, it is imperative to calculate the material. When ordering a metal profile at any more or less serious enterprise, you can order its cutting – that is, the material will be cut with a guillotine in production, which minimizes the use of cutting discs directly at the work site. The fact is that if you cut a profiled sheet with a grinder, then its protective properties are violated (due to the fact that the metal is overheated) at the cut site – this place will then have to be additionally tinted with paint.

Before carrying out work on the installation of a ventilated facade, it is necessary to make markings. The markup can be done both top-down and bottom-up. The main thing is to calculate the lower skirt of the ventilation facade so that there is a gap from the blind area or zero level of at least 5 cm – for air intake.

It is impossible to cover the lower skirt with earth or pour concrete, otherwise the ventilated facade will not work due to the lack of air intake. Ideal – if the marking will be done with a laser level or a conventional optical level.

After the marking is done, we begin the installation of the vapor barrier, for example, using the Izospan V polymer film. This film serves to protect the structural elements of the building. “Izospan V” has a two-layer structure – one side is rough, the other with a smooth surface. The smooth side of the building material allows condensation to pass through, while the rough side holds it on its surface to allow it to evaporate. Detailed instructions for the installation of building material can be found on its packaging or inserted in paper form inside.

Installation of steam and heat insulation. Features:

Izospan V is mounted from top to bottom, vertically. Since it is a roll material, installation is quite simple. The sheets of the roll should overlap, overlap each other by about 5 cm, with subsequent fastening to each other.

You can use a regular stapler or mounting adhesive tape to fasten the strips of material. This is done so that Izospan V covers the wall with a single carpet and also serves as wind protection. The film is attached directly to the wall using plastic dowels-nails or a supporting bracket for mounting the subsystem.

The supporting bracket for mounting the suspension system is an L-shaped profile with various sizes of shelves, on which there are stiffeners.

It is attached to the wall with an anchor dowel, strictly horizontally. Compliance with the bracket installation rules guarantees an even distribution of the load over the entire area of ​​the suspension system, on which the ventilated facade will be mounted.

The pitch of the anchor bracket is calculated depending on the area of ​​the building and the bearing load. Usually dealers of hardware companies have all the necessary information, but if there is a project, then the step of installing the brackets is indicated without fail.

At the end of the installation of the brackets, the mineral plates are installed. Minplate serves as heat and sound insulation of the building. Installation is carried out as follows – the mineral slab is pre-pierced with a supporting bracket, thus hanging on it strictly horizontally – end-to-end sheet to sheet.

If the step of the bracket is not enough to fix the plates on it, then the fixing is done with plastic dowel nails. It is important to pay attention to the fact that such fastening is preliminary (to speed up the production of work). The main fastening to the wall is made with plastic dowel-nails at the rate of 3-5 pieces per m² area.

When installing mineral slabs, their wrinkles and crevices with a width of more than 3–5 mm are not allowed. If the project provides for two layers of mineral slabs, then each layer is fixed with dowel-nails separately. For two-layer installation, the mineral slabs should be positioned so that the joints of the first layer overlap the mineral slab of the second layer..

After the completion of the building insulation, the second layer of polymer film is installed – this is waterproofing. For this purpose, you can apply “Izospan A”. Due to the unique two-layer structure, this film not only protects the insulation from external moisture, but also removes condensation from the wet material. Installation of “Izospan A” is carried out according to the same technology that was described earlier during the installation of “Izospan B”.

Description of the technology of installation of a ventilated facade

Having finished the work on the building insulation and its steam and waterproofing, we proceed to the installation of the suspension system on which the metal profile will be mounted.

First of all, the bearing brackets are verified – it is important that they are in the same plane throughout the entire wall area. Usually, for this purpose, a nylon thread or thick fishing line is used, which is fixed at the corners of the walls on pre-measured brackets. The shelves protruding from the plane are sawn off with a grinder.

Next, proceed to the installation of L-shaped guides (they can be located both vertically and horizontally). L-shaped guides are made of galvanized metal, which can be additionally painted to protect.

The guides are inserted into special grooves on the shelves of the bearing brackets. The rails are fastened to the brackets using rivets or metal-to-metal screws. At the joints of the guides, it is necessary to leave an expansion joint of 10 mm, that is, the guides should not closely adjoin each other.

After installing the guides, proceed to the installation of the profile sheets. Sheets are attached to the subsystem with metal-to-metal screws. Self-tapping screws are selected with a head in the color of the facade and must have a washer with a gasket that will not allow penetration moisture inside.

After the completion of the work on the device of the ventilated facade, if necessary, slopes are installed on the windows from the outside of the building.

Maintenance of a ventilated facade made of metal profiles is minimal:

1. Thanks to the antistatic polymer coating, practically no dust settles on it.
2. When sheets are jammed, they are very easy to replace.
3. Scratches can be painted over with matching paint.