Partitions are designed to separate some rooms from others within a floor. They can be subdivided into inter-apartment, inter-room, sanitary. The partitions take the load only from their own weight. Since they separate rooms with approximately the same temperature, they practically do not impose thermal protection requirements. But the requirements for sound insulation are increasing: partitions should have a minimum of openings, not have cracks. The gaps between them and other structures must be carefully sealed..
fig. 1
Depending on the available material, partitions are made of a very different design. Cost and availability of material also matter. The developer solves these problems independently. But with all types of partitions, it is important to think over the method of supporting them. It is necessary to support the partitions not on the floors or cranial flooring, but directly on the beam or on the log. If the partition is located between wooden beams, then bars are cut into them, which are called sleepers, on which the log and partition are supported (see Fig. 1). But when using reinforced concrete flooring, the partitions rest directly on them.
Let’s describe the most common constructions.
Brick partitions
They are a kind of brick walls, but of small thickness. Most often – in half a brick: 12 cm plus the thickness of the plaster. In cases where it is necessary to make a ventilation duct in the partition, the thickness of the partitions has to be brought to 38 cm plus the thickness of the plaster. A brick partition is good for separating a toilet, bathroom, laundry room.
The weight of the brick partition is significant: 1 sq. m weighs about 288 kg. Therefore, it is advisable to rely on it on a special foundation. Partition masonry is similar to wall masonry. It is often reinforced with wire rods or nets laid in mortar joints after 4-5 rows of masonry.
In the places where the partitions adjoin the walls in the latter, during laying, grooves (punches) with a depth of 5-6 cm are left. Bricks of the partition are brought into these grooves during laying. This ensures the required stability of the partitions.
The partitions are plastered with ordinary cement-lime-sand mortars. It is better to plaster the plumbing partitions with a cement-sand mortar of the composition 1: 3 (C: P). Then glue the ceramic tiles well over the plaster. Recently, sheets have appeared with a front texture “under the tiles”, covered with enamel paint. Such asbestos-cement sheets are used for finishing bathrooms, toilets, and laundry rooms. They are glued to partitions with moisture-resistant mastics: bitumen-silicate, government-cement, etc..
Frame partitions
They are traditionally used in rural construction. Such partitions are simple and quick to manufacture, allow the use of various materials (see Fig. 2).
fig. 2
They consist of a frame: racks with a section of 50-60 x 90-100 mm and upper and lower straps of the same bars. Sheathing – lining, FC plywood, chipboard (chipboard), sheets of dry gypsum plaster (SGSh), fibreboard (fiberboard), gypsum board and other materials. Internal filling is made of light sound-insulating material, for example, an old one: backfill from dry sieved slag, compacted during installation, a mixture of gypsum and slag of the composition 1: 4 – 1: 6, as well as mixtures of sawdust (shavings) with lime or gypsum in the ratio: sawdust , lime fluff and gypsum 8.5: 1: 0.5 by volume. Currently, semi-rigid mineral wool slabs, honeycomb plastics and other modern materials are used to fill the space between the cladding..
The manufacturing sequence of the frame partition is as follows. A board is laid on the base. Then they put racks with a pitch of 400-600 mm if fiberboard or SGSh is used for sheathing, and large if boards are used for sheathing. Firmly fasten the frame elements with nails. Install the door frame between the two pillars. Plating is completely carried out on one side. On the other hand, the cladding is led in 1000 mm portions, filling the space between the cladding with the appropriate material. The backfill is compacted with light tamping.
Frame partitions are fairly lightweight. So, a partition with a cladding made of SGSH on a wooden frame filled with semi-rigid mineral wool slabs weighs only 35 kg.
After nailing the skin, the joints and corners are putty with the laying of paper tape. Heads of nails are sunk and putty with waterproof putty like “Karbolat”. Exterior decoration (painting or wallpapering) is performed after puttying and cleaning the surface.
Estimated consumption of basic materials for the device 1 sq. m frame partition with a thickness of 80 and 108 mm: SGSH slab – 2 and 4 sq. m, wood – 0.007 cubic meters. m, mineral wool plate – 0.21 cubic meters, putty – 0.55 kg, nails – 0.3 and 0.6 kg.
Can you please provide more information on the types of partitions in a country house? Are you referring to partitions between rooms or are there other types of partitions involved as well? How are these partitions typically constructed and what materials are commonly used? Are there any specific considerations or factors to keep in mind when designing or installing partitions in a country house? Thank you for clarifying!
In a country house, partitions typically refer to the walls that separate rooms or divide open spaces. These partitions can be constructed using various materials such as wood, drywall, or bricks. The choice of material depends on factors like budget, desired aesthetics, and structural requirements.
When designing or installing partitions, it is crucial to consider factors like soundproofing, insulation, and privacy. Additional considerations include the placement of electrical outlets, ventilation, and structural support. The design should also take into account the overall flow and functionality of the space.
Overall, the type and construction of partitions in a country house depend on personal preferences, architectural style, and specific requirements of the homeowner. Consulting with professionals or researching building codes and regulations can provide further guidance in ensuring the partitions are properly designed and installed.