How to connect a pumping station to a well or well

Recommendation points

• Choosing an installation location
• How station piping is performed
• Electrical connection
• Well, well: is there a difference

There are a number of reasons for using surface pumping stations: stable system pressure, long service life and ease of maintenance. We will help you understand the installation, connection and integration into different types of water supply systems at home and summer cottages.

Choosing an installation location

Positioning the station correctly is a top priority. On the one hand, in a heated and dry room, conditions are ideal for long and trouble-free operation of hydraulic equipment. On the other hand, intermittent noise from turning on the pump has little to do with comfort..

1. Well head. 2. A pumping station installed in the house. 3. The line between the well and the pumping station is laid at a depth below the freezing level

If there is a utility room between the house and the water intake point or not far from it, then the installation is best done there. If possible, shorten the length of the line between the well and the pumping station. Therefore, it is necessary to install a pump with a hydroaccumulator (GA) no further than 14-16 m from a well or a well when the water mirror is deepened about 7-10 m.

1. Well. 2. Utility room. 3. Pumping station. 4. House

If the well is very far from the house, a technical well, a caisson, will be required. For its construction, a foundation pit is being dug next to the well, the dimensions of which should allow the placement of a pump, a hydroelectric system, a primary filtration system and piping. A person, having descended into the caisson, must have access to all connections and functional elements for their maintenance.

1. Caisson with an installed pumping station and a well head. 2. Line from the pumping station to the consumer. 3. House

It is necessary to bring a polyethylene pipe (HDPE) to the station with a diameter equal to the pump inlet pipe, the other end of which is lowered into a well or a well, equipped with a check valve and a coarse filter.

When laying the pipe, do not miss an important point – it must be laid below the freezing depth or insulated. It is also important to supply this section with a heating cable: in severe frosts, it is the freezing of the suction pipe that is the main cause of breakdowns in water supply systems.

How station piping is performed

The section between the point of water intake and the inlet of the pump, otherwise called the inlet line, should have as little resistance as possible to the flow. For this reason, no fittings are mounted on it, only the second check valve is located next to the pump to compensate for water hammer when turned on. It is also possible to install a dry-running protection unit next to the valve.

1. Downhole coarse filter. 2. Check valve. 3. Well or well. 4. Hydroaccumulator. 5. Pump. 6. Line for filling the system with water. 7. Pressure switch. 8. Check valve. 9. Line to the consumer

The pump outlet is connected to the HA by a short pipe length. If a braided hose is installed in the standard configuration of your pumping station, then remove it and pack a detachable coupling (American) onto the GA fitting, and tightly screw a brass tee with an internal thread on one of the side outlets and an external one on the others into the pump outlet. Pack the second American woman in a brass tee and connect to the first polypropylene pipe, soldered through two swivel elbows.

An MRV coupling (with a metal female thread) is attached to the free outlet of the tee, then a technical manifold assembled from a number of tees is soldered. The first tee has an RTM for an inch pipe thread for installing a water supply pressure gauge. The second tee is equipped with a ball valve and a pipe outlet, raised vertically 30–40 cm above the station. This element of the system allows filling the system with water through a funnel after installation or maintenance of the inlet line. Another branch is mounted for draining dirty water or relieving pressure.

The pressure regulator is installed in any part of the technical manifold. Sometimes it is made in a “cross” body, that is, after screwing it into the pump, instead of a tee, two branches also remain free. The installation of a pressure regulator at the HA inlet is common, in some cases it is important to observe the recommended spatial position of the device.

The outlet from the technical manifold is separated by a ball valve, followed by an outgoing line or a manifold for routing pipes to the points of water intake. There can be any distance between technical and consumer distribution nodes. However, it should be borne in mind that every 10 m of horizontal pipeline creates a resistance to fluid flow equivalent to one meter, in which the pressure generated by the pump is measured. It is only necessary to install a mechanical filter with a density of about 20 microns immediately after the stop valves of the station..

Electrical connection

Most domestic pumping stations are connected to a single-phase network, in which the functions of the neutral and protective conductors are separated. The protective fittings of the control unit are a fine-tuned motor protection circuit breaker and a 30 mA residual current device.

To power the pump, a power cable is laid in a protective braid and in a box. The section and type of cable is selected in accordance with the instructions for the pumping station. Its end is connected to the motor terminal block through a sealed entry, the conductors are crimped with fork or ring lugs. Traditionally, we twist the yellow-green to the body, assign the markings to the rest at our discretion: the phase – to the pin marked L or W2, and zero – to N or V1. Marking may vary depending on engine type.

In the shield, the protective and neutral wires are connected to common blocks. The phase one, after leaving the protection device, is broken by another wire, two-wire, following to the pressure regulator, and from it to the dry-running protection unit. The first device is connected with two sealed inputs. If they are not there, a separate cable is drawn to each. Both the protective block and the regulator have normally closed contacts and are connected in series. This is unlikely, but if the pump power is higher than 4 kW, then the load must be switched through a contactor.

Well, well: is there a difference

A well and a well represent completely different conditions for equipment placement. As a rule, surface stations are installed when water is taken from a well on sand or an Abyssinian well, in which, due to the small diameter of the pipe, it is not possible to use a submersible pump. The disadvantage of the well is that it may require the arrangement of a caisson, while the well can sometimes place a compact station right inside the rings, or under the superstructure.

Wells are often not as poor as wells. Of course, protection is provided in case of drainage of the mains, but every time filling the system with water is still a pleasure. It is necessary to take into account the one-time flow rate of the well so that when the pressure is pumped up, the system has time to fill the accumulator. The same applies to the dynamic level: select a pump with a lower capacity, or reduce the working pressure and reduce the water consumption.

Another difference lies in the fact that it is relatively easy to make an underground supply of water to a conventional well, while in a narrow well it is possible to enter only through the upper bell. The pipe of the inlet line forms a U-shaped elbow, which must be insulated in some way, or a caisson pipe must be installed for mounting a swivel fitting.