How to Purify Well or Rainwater

Recommendation points

• Industrial water intake
• Rainwater harvesting
• Water intake from wells
• Water intake from wells
• Preparing water for safe use
• Correction of the chemical composition of industrial water
• Bacterial safety

You can achieve significant savings in your own home, at a car wash, or in construction by dividing the water used into two types – technical and drinking. In this article we will consider the creation of sources of industrial water and its further preparation for use..

On the farm for technical purposes – washing, flushing in the sewage system, cleaning, irrigation, a large amount of water is consumed. And it is not always justified to use drinking water for these purposes. It will be more rational to use industrial water, prepared for safe use. As its source, you can use rain or ground water accumulated in special containers from wells and wells..

Industrial water intake

The system of preparation, supply and purification of industrial water is very dependent on its source. Consider a few examples of these systems:

Rainwater harvesting

Dust accumulates on the roofs of buildings near roads, various production facilities, so it is advisable to install more than one container to collect rainwater. In a system of several communicating containers, dust particles dissolved by water will gradually settle at the bottom in the first container, only a small part of them will enter the second, and in the third container the water will contain a minimum amount of sediment and suspension. From the last tank in the line, it is most optimal to organize water intake. This method of pre-cleaning reduces the load on the filter elements and thus extends their life without maintenance or replacement..

Rainwater collection system: 1 – rainwater collection; 2-4 – settling tanks; 5 – intake of industrial water

Water intake from wells

The depth of most wells is comparable to the depth of the first aquifer, which in practice corresponds to 5–10 meters. Therefore, the organization of the automatic supply of service water from wells, as well as from tanks, can be carried out using simple budget pumping stations capable of lifting water from a depth of 10-15 meters.

Water intake from wells

The supply of industrial water from wells is a difficult task, since its solution depends on the depth of passage of the aquifer. The most simple automatic water supply can be organized using ejector pumping stations. Their use is limited to a well depth of 25-30 meters..

The rise of water from deeper wells can only be carried out using special submersible-type borehole pumps. To operate in automatic water supply mode, this pumping technique needs to be connected to a specially designed additional control and management unit..

Preparing water for safe use

The system of water intake from different sources may differ, this is due to the quality of the available water. The norms for industrial water for specific use are reflected in GOST 17.1.1.04–80. The main parameters that you can control yourself are the color of the water, the presence of foreign odors, impurities. From this data, a water purification system is formed..

Suppose there is no unpleasant odor at the source of water (rain or ground), there is only an impurity that affects the color of the water. Then the water supply system will consist of a coarse mesh filter on the water intake pipe or hose, a check valve, a pumping station, a series of filter elements for fine water purification, as well as a set of connecting pipes and hoses..

Possible layout of the service water supply system: 1 – self-cleaning primary filter; 2 – check valve; 3 – automatic pumping station; 4 – fine filter

Let’s consider all the elements of the system in more detail.

The coarse filtration system must ensure the separation from the water of a dense suspension that can harm the pumping station used. The simplest and cheapest option is to include various mesh filters in the system. But with this solution, it will be necessary to regularly remove the intake hose from the water source and self-clean the filter element. The use of more modern, but at the same time expensive self-cleaning filters allows you to avoid manual cleaning for years.

Standard strainer mounted on the check valve

The most budgetary option that allows you to organize automatic water supply with technical water is the use of inexpensive ready-made pumping stations.

Budget pumping station Marina CAM 100/25 hl

Automatic water supply from wells up to 30 meters deep can be performed using a ready-made ejector-type pumping station.

Ejector pumping station Marina-Speroni AMP 100/25

In the event that the depth of the well exceeds the limiting parameters of the suction of ejector pumping stations, deep pumps with additional automation are used to lift the water to maintain constant pressure in the water consumption system.

Borehole submersible pump (deep) Vortex SN-100

The injected industrial water must undergo additional treatment, due to which clogging of various elements of water consumption (taps, high-pressure washing stations, washing machines, etc.) is excluded. In terms of subsequent cost savings, it is best to use self-cleaning mesh filters for these purposes..

Self-cleaning mesh filter, filtration degree from 50 to 500 microns

When choosing a primary filter, it is necessary to take into account that the trouble-free operation of the pumping station depends on the quality of filtration. That is, the purity of the water at the outlet of the primary filter must be higher than the minimum requirements specified in the passport of the automatic pumping station.

The cost and main parameters of the considered elements of water supply:

	A type	Filtration degree	Price, rub.
Coarse filter, mesh	–	5000 μm	150
Coarse filter, self-cleaning PPS YAMIT	PPS-1004	1200 μm	5500
Optional Honeywell Self-Cleaning Filter	FF06	50-100 μm	1600

	Immersion depth, fence, m	power, kWt	Productivity, l / min	Lifting height, m	Price, rub.
Pump station Prorab 8821 SCH	8	0.8	53	40	4666
Pumping station Marina CAM 100/25 hl	nine	1.1	70	32	6875
Pump Marina-Speroni APM 100/25	25	1.1	40	32	9350
Pumping station Marina-Speroni AMP 200/25	25	1.5	50	32	18000
Borehole pump (deep) Whirlwind SN-100	35	1.1	50	one hundred	8050
Submersible pump Ergus Deep 900	ten	0.9	55	60	6000

Correction of the chemical composition of industrial water

If it is possible to make a laboratory analysis of water in a sanitary-epidemiological station or a private laboratory, then using various methods it is possible to minimize the components most hazardous to health in its composition, and, ideally, to obtain from industrial water that is close to drinking water..

The cost for the analysis can vary greatly depending on the number of parameters evaluated in it, usually 1,500 rubles is enough (on average, 100 rubles for each checked indicator).

Better preparation of industrial water, aimed at removing components harmful to health, can be performed using various main filters.

Main filter

The desired properties of main filters are achieved by installing various combinations of filter cartridges.

Different types of filter cartridge fillers and their effect on water:

Polypropylene fiber	retains sand, coarse rust, silt and other suspended matter
Activated carbon	retains chlorine compounds, pesticides, organic compounds, chemicals
KDF-55	creates an unsuitable environment for bacteria growth
Deironing	retain iron oxide
Softeners	react with calcium and magnesium salts, protecting against scale formation

Bacterial safety

A particularly important factor when using industrial water in everyday life is its bacterial safety. This goal can be achieved by using several types of treatment of water purified from mechanical impurities:

1. Chemical, in which the incoming water passes through special cartridges with chemicals that disinfect the water.
2. Ultraviolet treatment, in which water is disinfected by passing through an ultraviolet system such as Sterilight SC-1/2 / S212RL.

Disinfectant ultraviolet unit

Although the system of separate water supply with technical water is a rather expensive purchase, especially at the stage of its organization, in subsequent operation it allows to reduce the cost of used water to a value equal to the price of consumed electricity. The second positive factor from the use of this system is the possibility of creating an autonomous water source, which can be widely demanded in areas with poor quality centralized water supply services..