Types and types of cutters for wood

We have already touched on the types and types of cutters, but this is a vast topic that requires special attention. Let’s immediately note that when choosing a cutter, you should decide how it will be attached to the router. Here we are talking about the units of the shank diameter:

1. Shanks, which are measured in millimeters, are usually marked – 6, 8, 12 and 16. These are the most common sizes in millimeters..
2. There is a measurement in inches – half and a quarter.

If we translate inches into the millimeters we are used to, then we get 12.7 and 6.35. The difference, as we can see, is small, but very significant, because the tool of the wrong size will no longer be able to be fixed. The shank diameter will directly depend on the collet. This is the sleeve in which the shank is clamped. Be sure to pay attention to this parameter in order to purchase a cutter suitable for fastening.

The shaft of the milling machine is capable of producing up to 25 thousand revolutions per minute, so a reliable fastening is your safety and a long tool life.

By the type of construction, wood cutters are divided:

• National teams. The base is a blank of the desired shape, and the cutting edges are welded to it. Immediately, we note that now the majority of such modifications.
• With replaceable edges. They serve more, knives are double-sided. If the cutter blade is dull, then it can simply be turned over.
• Monolithic. The cutting edges become an integral part of the base, the knife will not break 100%, but it cannot be replaced.

By the type of blades, the location of the cutters is divided into:

• Spiral.
• Inclined.
• Direct.

Important! Angle cutters cut pieces of wood from the workpiece, which increases the quality of work and reduces the risk of chips. Straight lines simply “chop” wood, so they are only suitable for roughing.

By material, cutters are divided into:

• HM. This is a marking for high speed milling cutters that are only suitable for working with softwood.
• HSS. These are already solid carbide cutters that can work with hard wood species. The price is of course higher.

Let’s figure out what type of cutters you need for this or that type of work with wood.

1. If you need to make a hole for furniture fittings. You will need a special blind hole cutter. They come in different diameters, so choose depending on the size of your hardware you want to fix, for example, a cabinet door.
2. It is necessary to process the edge of the tabletop of a coffee or ordinary table, make an original cut on a beautiful wooden installation. Special edge cutters are required and are often referred to as end cutters. If you are working with templates, straight edge cutters can be used, which have either a bottom or top bearing. There are also disk, shaped, molding, fillet, semi-rod, conical, curly edge cutters that allow you to create the desired profile.

3. It is necessary to create a groove in the wood of a certain shape and depth. In this case, groove cutters are required, which can be of different diameters, with two or one blades. There are groove cutters, for example, for creating V-shaped grooves or creating rounded grooves. The dovetail cutter is of the same type, which helps to create grooves for joining various joinery blanks. Groove cutters include fillet cutters, which make U-shaped notches, as well as rebated cutters, to create a longitudinal groove in the edge of the workpiece..

If you are just a novice carpenter, then we advise you first of all to purchase the following types of cutters:

• Kalevka. It is also a molding edge mill that allows you to make tabletops with smooth rounded edges. Such cutters can be of different diameters, for example, for fairly thin plywood. The best option is an outer diameter of 32 mm.

• Straight groove cutter. Suitable for a variety of DIY gadgets. The most popular – 8, 10 and 16 mm.

• Fillet semicircular of different sizes. Allows you to create an imitation of a panel, for example, on a sideboard door.
• A little later, when you gain a little experience, you should buy panel cutters, vertical or horizontal. However, they may be needed at the first stage, depending on what you decide to do.
• Rebate cutter. It allows you to select a quarter on the back wall, for example, lockers. Quarter – a recess where you can put the back wall.

• Copy mill with bottom or top bearing. Creates smooth edges that require little or no sanding.
• Cutters for frame strapping. They allow you to quickly and conveniently create special fasteners, joints, which are widely used not only when creating pictures for frames, but also connecting various wooden parts, doors, for example.