Apartment wiring

By doing electrical wiringit is necessary to decide to use copper or aluminum wire, to divide the electrical receivers into groups. It is more correct if you entrust the solution of these important issues to a professional. Since incorrect calculation and installation can lead to shutdowns, fires.

For example, wiring is done with copper or aluminum wire. What’s better? Copper is more expensive, but it has better conductivity, that is, more current can be passed through a wire of the same cross-section. Copper oxidizes worse, so problem areas at the junction of the conductors heat up less. Copper conductors are more resistant to fracture. For wiring, wire of the PPV, PUNP, LUGNP, PVS brand and the cable of the PVG, VVN, VVG brand are used. The marking of the wire contains numbers that indicate the number of cores and the cross-section of each core or wire in square millimeters.

For example, VVG 3×1.5 three-core cable, cross-section of one conductor 1.5 mm2.

Wiringperformed by two conductors. Phase wire and neutral wire. In new houses, a three-wire system is installed and a third zero protective conductor appears. The three-wire system allows for greater security. This is achieved by installing an RCD. The RCD cuts off the power supply in the event of a leak. The protective conductor is connected to the body of the appliance using an additional protective contact in the socket. Protective contact will reduce the likelihood of electric shock to a person when shorting to the case.

For overload protection of electrical networksand short circuits serve circuit breakers. The machines are installed in the electrical distribution board. Automatic switches are single-pole – installed in the phase conductor circuit, two-pole – for phase and zero. Three-pole – input circuit breakers. According to the rated load current, the circuit breakers are selected from the range of 6.3-63 A. The circuit breaker is selected when calculating the power supply project. Its main function is to turn off the power supply in case of overload and short circuits. RCD – residual current device is becoming more common. Serves to disconnect the power circuit in the event of a short circuit to the housing of household appliances, insulation failure and a person or animal touching live parts. RCDs are selected for rated current and leakage current with milliamperes. In apartment power grids, an RCD with a leakage current of 60 mA is installed. After calculating the rated load and choosing the circuit breaker, the conductor section. The wire cross-section should take into account the maximum total load, as if you turned on all the electrical consumers of this group at once.

Installation of lighting is carried out with a wire of 1.5 mm2. Power networks – outlet networks are mounted with a wire with a cross section of 2.5 to 6 mm2. Your participation in the design issues should end at the stage of the list of electrical consumers.