The most productive cucumbers for open ground – how to choose precocious, medium and late ripening

The content of the article

• How to choose the best cucumber seeds for open ground
• The most productive varieties of cucumbers for open ground
• Early
• Ultra-mature
• Medium ripening
• Later
• Long fruiting
• Self-pollinating
• Bush
• Beam
• Salad
• For blanks
• Universal
• Disease resistant
• For Moscow region
• Dutch varieties

Cute green vegetables are one of the most popular, versatile garden crops. The love of summer residents for cucumbers is due to their benefits, rich fruiting and the ability to use both fresh and canned. When choosing planting material, as a rule, preference is given to varieties that have the best yield indicators.

How to choose the best cucumber seeds for open ground

To choose the right variety, you should decide on your own priorities, for which you need to understand the existing types of culture. The most important characteristics of a vegetable are:

1. Climatic conditions. For a particular growing region, there are suitable varieties that are resistant to temperature changes, pests and diseases characteristic of a particular area.
2. Landing place. There are types of plants for open and protected ground (the last option is greenhouses, hotbeds, balconies, etc.);
3. Ripening time. Vegetables are divided into mid-season, early and late. There are still intermediate types – medium early and medium late.
4. Destination. Some fruits are only suitable for fresh consumption, others are better for pickling and pickling. Universal varieties are used in both fresh and processed.
5. Pollination option. Plant types are divided into parthenocarpic (not requiring pollination), self-pollinated and bee pollinated.
6. Plant breeding. There are varieties and hybrids of cucumbers. The advantage of the former is that they retain all their distinguishing features for several generations and are suitable for processing. The disadvantage of varieties is a small number of ovaries, large dimensions of the fruit, which quickly turn yellow. The advantages of hybrid cucumbers are the small size of the fruit, which grows several ovaries in one sinus, begins to bear fruit early and maintains a good appearance throughout the season without yellowing. The minus of hybrids is the high cost of seeds and the preservation of characteristic properties only in the first generation.
7. Type of flowering. Divided into female, mixed or predominantly female.
8. The color of the fruit. Most have a green color, but there are white species that differ from ordinary ones only in color and a complete absence of bitterness. Red cucumbers – a rarity – grow on the territory of Russia, like weeds.
9. Dimensions of the vegetable. On this basis, the vegetable is divided into salad varieties (length – from 20 cm) and gherkins (not more than 8 cm).
10. View of the surface of greenery. There are no-bearing varieties, small and coarse-humped (the last two types have white or black spikes on the skin).
11. The method of growing. Long-brained are represented mainly by late cultivars. In addition to them, there are bushy, short-haired (usually early varieties), medium-braided. The method of cultivation depends on the formation of pinching bushes.
12. Productivity. Yields can be small, large and very high..
13. Resistance to pests, diseases. It is believed that the earlier the crop ripens, the lower the plant’s resistance to disease. So, in early varieties, resistance to negative factors is lower than in later ones.

The most productive varieties of cucumbers for open ground

Before choosing the right type of plant, determine the place where it will be grown – in the open air or in a greenhouse / greenhouse. Each variety has its own advantages: greenhouse plants are able to provide you with fresh vegetables throughout the year, and ground vegetables do not have special care requirements. You can achieve high productivity if you competently approach the choice of variety.

In greenhouse conditions, it is better to grow self-pollinating types, since insect access to flowers will be limited. Several varieties should be planted on open ground at once to ensure a stable yield, which will not depend on weather conditions. Be sure to plant a crop in the garden that is resistant to temperature extremes, then even with sudden frosts you will get a crop.

Early

Such are considered those in which 32-44 days pass from the time of emergence of the shoots to the first crop of green leaves. The most fruitful early cucumbers for open ground are as follows:

1. Fontanel. This is a bee pollinated salting bush with fruits up to 120 grams without bitterness. It belongs to the category of medium-early ripening period (crop harvests take place 52 days after planting). Rodnichka is characterized by a female type of flower formation. Ripe fruits reach 9-12 cm, are distinguished by excellent taste and are suitable for consumption both fresh and canned. When cut, they have no voids, exude a pleasant fresh aroma.
2. Connie. Harvest, disease-resistant parthenocarpic hybrid of universal purpose. It has white-thorn cylindrical greenbacks without bitterness. Connie does not require special care and has a mid-early fruit ripening period (yield harvests take place 46–50 days after planting). The length of vegetables ranges from 70-90 mm, and the mass is 80 g. Connie can be grown both in open soil and in greenhouse conditions.
3. Champion. One of the most productive hybrid species. It belongs to the category of parthenocarpic cultures, is resistant to diseases. Champion fruits have large tubercles and are more suitable for processing. Early ripe culture bears fruit with a length of 10-15 cm, which have good taste (no bitterness).

Ultra-mature

There are special varieties of plants that yield crops very early. Ultra-ripe varieties of cucumbers for open ground are:

1. Masha. Universal parthenocarpic hybrid, characterized by resistance to cladosporiosis, powdery mildew, viral mosaic. The size of Zelentsy reaches 80-110 mm. Masha is a self-pollinating variety, therefore, does not depend on the work of insects. Up to 6-7 ovaries are formed in one node, which indicates that the crop is fruitful. The fruits of the hybrid are cylindrical in shape, the skin is of medium thickness with large tubercles with small spines. The color is dark green with light stripes, the flesh is without bitterness. In an early ripe crop, the first crop ripens 36 days after planting.
2. Hermann. It is one of the most productive bushes, for which it is appreciated by gardeners. German belongs to ultra-precocious crops with a vegetation period of 35-40 days. Fruits in short, hilly greens without bitterness. Vegetables are grown both in open ground and in greenhouses. Fruits can be consumed fresh or canned.
3. Kid. An ultra-early culture that bears fruit 30-40 days after the appearance of the inputs. A feature of the Kid is the versatility of the use of fruits (they are suitable both for fresh consumption and for harvesting for the winter). The fruits of this variety lack bitterness, while the cucumbers do not turn yellow. The plant belongs to the species of bee pollinators, therefore it grows exclusively in open ground. Harvested vegetables are stored for 10 days, after which they begin to lose their taste.

Medium ripening

Mid-season species include those plants that mature 45-50 days. Among gardeners, such ones are very popular:

1. Nezhinsky 12. It is considered one of the most fruitful bee pollinated salting varieties. The plant is distinguished by its unpretentiousness in care, resistance to olive spotting and bacteriosis. Zelentsy culture is relatively short, with large tubercles, have a great taste. The mass of cucumbers is 80-110 g, and the length is 100-120 mm. Fruits ripen on long-leaved bushes in open soil.
2. The son of a regiment. A universal hybrid variety pollinated by bees that is not afraid of scab, mosaic or powdery mildew. The son of the regiment is a medium-branched, mid-sized plant, which has a predominantly female flowering type. The fruits are white-spiked, oval, rarely and coarse-humped. The length of the cucumbers reaches 80 mm, the color is green with light stripes. Fruits do not turn yellow for a long time and do not increase in size. Harvest mainly for canning.
3. Far Eastern 27. Drought tolerant, medium-branched variety suitable for salting and fresh consumption. The vegetable grows on the open ground, giving elongated light green fruits with whitish stripes, covered with large tubercles. The average size is 110-150 mm, the weight reaches 200 g.
4. Nezhinsky local. Belongs to the most productive cucumbers growing outside greenhouses and hotbeds. The bee-pollinated culture is resistant to mosaic virus and olive spotting. The plant is vigorous and branched, with a mixed type of flowering, yields a crop of large-tuberous, ovoid greenery of excellent taste. Average weight – from 80 to 110 g. They are used both for salads and for canning.

Later

Such types of culture ripen for more than 50 days, but, as a rule, they have excellent ability to store and transport. Among the most fruitful late-ripening varieties are:

1. Chinese miracle. Universal culture ripening for about 70 days. The Chinese miracle has cylindrical thin-skinned, slightly curved and rare-tuberous greenbacks, the size of which reaches 55 cm and an average weight of 500 g. This plant species is one of the most fruitful, it can produce up to 30 kg of vegetables from the bush, and the fruiting period is long. In the greenhouse, crops are harvested until the first frosts, in ordinary beds – until mid-autumn.
2. Chinese climbing. A long-leaved, medium-branched plant with a mixed type of flowering. Chinese climbing greens have a cylindrical shape, a size of 100-120 mm and a mass of 100 to 130 grams. The advantages of Chinese climbing cucumbers are stable yield, high pickling quality and resistance to frost and disease..
3. Crunch. A universal hybrid crop with long fruiting and high resistance to diseases. It belongs to the type of bee pollinated, ripens in the crop on the 50th day after germination. Dark green, tuberous greenbacks reach a size of 80-100 mm and weight up to 80 g. Their flesh pleasantly crunches, very tasty and does not bite.

Long fruiting

For a small plot of land, beam cucumbers are a godsend, since they occupy a minimum of space. Hybrids have the genetic possibility of forming 3-9 ovaries from each node, due to which the yield is increased several times. With each subsequent year, varieties of long-term fruiting are gaining more and more popularity. Among them, the most popular are:

1. Prestige. Domestic variety of selection of medium early productivity, which bears fruit 43-45 days after emergence. The species belongs to parthenocarpic, middle-branched, self-pollinated crops. The prestige was bred by breeders for central Russia. Each node contains 3-4 ovaries (the yield per square meter of stands is about 25 kg). Fruits have large tubercles with spikes, green with whitish stripes. The taste is juicy, the flesh is not bitter. Fruits the plant right up to frost and is great for both salads and preservation.
2. Beam magnificence. Early ripe, parthenocarpic culture with an average degree of branching. The advantage of Puchkovy splendor is its resistance to temperature changes, pests, and diseases. This type of vegetable is suitable for growing in the north of the Russian Federation. In one node of the plant, 3-7 ovaries are formed, which ensures high productivity (up to 400 g of fruits are collected from one bush). Harvested before frost. Cucumbers are cylindrical in shape, light green in color with whitish stripes and spikes. Belongs to the category of universal in application and grown without greenhouses on ordinary beds.
3. Ginga. Self-pollinating, mid-season species, the vegetation of which lasts 45-50 days. Ginga bushes are medium-branched. Zelentsy are medium in size and bright green in color with whitish stripes. Such cucumbers ripen without voids and without signs of bitterness. The average yield is 4-6 kg per square meter. Ginga perfectly resists powdery mildew and cucumber mosaic.

Self-pollinating

In open ground conditions, crops that are pollinated by insects are often grown, but modern hybrids do not depend on the work of bees. Thanks to the ability to self-pollinate, they can bring a rich harvest even without outside help. The most popular self-pollinated varieties of cucumbers for open ground are:

1. Satin. This type is characterized by the small size of Zelentsy and a generative variant of development. The pulp of the vegetable crunches nicely, the skin is thin. The plant is dominated by female flowers. The size of the fetus reaches 140 mm. Satin – one of the most productive types of self-pollinated cucumbers.
2. Picas. The hybrid is actively growing outside the greenhouse, blooms in a female type. The fruits ripen within 1.5 months after the formation of seedlings, while they have a cylindrical shape and a dark green color. This species is characterized by resistance to almost all common diseases and powdery mildew. Vegetables are used both for salting and for eating fresh.
3. Crispin. Self-pollinated, early ripe type of crop that can grow on a regular bed or in a greenhouse / greenhouse. Harvest Crispin gives 30 days after the formation of seedlings. Small tubercles are visible on the surface of Zelentsy, the length of the cucumbers reaches 12 cm. A vegetable is used for fresh consumption and preservation.

Bush

This type of plant looks attractive in the garden: a compact bush about half a meter high, covered with green leaves and numerous ovaries. Often bush varieties of plants are early ripening. The most productive cucumbers for open ground are:

1. Baby An early ripe vegetable of dark green color and weighing up to 90 g., Egg-shaped with large tubercles and whitish pubescence. The baby is a bee pollinated variety growing outside the greenhouse. After the emergence of seedlings begins to bear fruit on 40-45 days. Harvest can be used for any purpose – immediate consumption or preparation of blanks for the winter.
2. Hector. Compact hybrid with bunch ovaries, crispy and fragrant greens. Hector’s fruits are covered with large tubercles, have a cylindrical shape and white pubescence. The average length of the cucumbers is 100 mm. Hector is resistant to many diseases, has a rich yield and excellent taste..
3. Shorty. Universal bee pollinated crop. Bushes reach a height of 45 cm, green oval or cylindrical shape, light green color with small stripes or chintz pattern. They have delicate skin and crisp flesh. The average length of the cucumbers is 90-100 mm. Shorty is not intended for planting in a greenhouse, as it is pollinated by insects. The plant belongs to the category of early ripening: it bears fruit 50 days after the formation of seedlings. Suitable for both preservation and fresh consumption.

Beam

This culture has a feature that distinguishes it from other species: several ovaries form in one node in bundle plants at the same time, and their number depends on growing conditions (amount of sunlight, place of growth – greenhouse or open soil, general condition of the bushes). The most popular among bunch cultures are:

1. Winter storm. Parthenocarpic hybrid ripens quickly, gives a rich harvest, has a female type of flowering. In one ovary, 4-5 elliptical dark green greens with yellow stripes are formed, reaching a length of 8 cm and a mass of 60-70 g. The surface of the fruit is covered with brown pubescence and tubercles.
2. Detinets. Early ripening, parthenocarpic, highly productive hybrid of predominantly female flowering type. In almost all sinuses of the plant, up to 5 ovaries are formed. The child bears fruit with 12 cm long cylindrical Zelentsy and a mass of about 100-120 g. The peel of the vegetable is covered with light brown thorns and small tubercles.
3. Finger boy. Universal, parthenocarpic plant resistant to powdery mildew, olive spotting, peronosporosis. In the sinuses of the culture, 3-6 ovaries are formed, green leaves have a bright green color, large tubercles and white spikes on the surface. Their average length is 8-10 cm. The crop is used for salads, preservation..

Salad

These are white-skinned fruits with thick skin through which marinade / brine does not penetrate well, therefore they are not used for canning. Salad types of vegetables are better to eat fresh, in addition, they are well transported. Suitable for salads and long serpentine greens, as well as hybrids with smooth skin. For fresh consumption, as a rule, the following types of crops are planted:

1. Bazaar Early ripe, productive, parthenocarpic bush. The plant is resistant to cucumber mosaic, powdery mildew, cladosporiosis. The bazaar has smooth, green, bitterness-free fruits. They are planted both in a greenhouse and in open ground. Maturation occurs in 35-45 days, while from 1 to 3 green leaves are formed in the node. Ripening, vegetables reach a length of 10-15 cm and weight up to 100 g.
2. Bukhara. A mid-early, parthenocarpic hybrid, which is not afraid of diseases such as clodosporiosis, powdery mildew, etc. A crop plant that can grow in the open area and in the greenhouse, bears smooth, dark green, tasty greenery up to 15 cm long and weighs about 115 g. The node contains more than 3 fruits.
3. Zozulya. Early ripe, bee pollinated hybrid with partial parthenocarpy. A crop plant is not susceptible to most cucumber viruses. Vegetables are medium-tuberous, green, with excellent taste, reach 22 cm in length and weight up to 300 g. The species is suitable exclusively for open ground and ripens for 35-40 days.
4. Makar. Mid-ripe crop type of cucumbers for planting in an open area or in greenhouse conditions. Makar – parthenocarpic hybrid, which is not afraid of root rot, anthracnose and other diseases. Harvested on day 56-65, while the fruits reach a length of 15-20 cm and a mass of 200-250 g. Zelentsy have a dark green color, mild tubercles on the surface, excellent taste without bitterness.

For blanks

Such cucumbers differ from salad in size: for pickling, they take fruits no more than 10 cm long, in addition, they must be black-spiked and strongly tuberous, since other species have a thicker skin. The most popular pickling culture types are:

1. Crisp. Mid-season, productive, parthenocarpic species with a female version of flowering and single ovaries. Zelentsy is covered with highly pronounced tubercles and black spikes, reaching a length of 15 cm. The hybrid is ideal for canning due to its good taste, dense, but not thick, crispy skin. Fruiting occurs on 52-54 days after emergence.
2. Goosebumps. Self-pollinated, hybrid, universal variety with bunch formation of ovaries and a female type of flowering. Goosebumps are suitable for greenhouses, but they give the best yield with soil cultivation. Zelentsy appear on the bushes after 35-40 days after the formation of seedlings. The vegetable reaches a length of 15 cm, has a dark green color and a strong tuberosity. Goosebump – a universal cucumber that is great for pickling or eating fresh as part of salads.
3. Parisian gherkin. Bee-pollinated, early ripe, productive bush with black-thorny, coarse-green greens. The average length of the latter is 6-10 cm, the mass is limited to 70-90 g. Harvested already at 40-45 days after emergence.

Universal

Despite the fact that the vegetable is a heat-loving crop, there are hybrids adapted to the harsh northern climate that give a rich harvest. Universal from the point of view of the planting site, the types of vegetables are:

1. Altai. Cold-resistant, productive, universal bush pollinated by bees. Great for conservation. The plant is resistant to disease. Zelentsy have a bright green color, oval, length up to 10 cm, covered with whitish spines.
2. Claudia Highly productive, self-pollinated, universal culture of early ripening. Vegetables have a cylindrical shape, a length of 13-15 cm, small tubercles on the skin. Claudia is devoid of a bitter taste, can be used for fresh consumption or for preparing winter preparations.
3. Miranda. An early type of crop resistant to frost and many diseases. The hybrid is characterized by an average fruit size (up to 12 cm long and weighs 120 g). The color of the vegetable is deep green with yellowish stripes or white specks, the shape is cylindrical.

Disease resistant

In the rainy, cool season, gardeners risk being left without a crop of cucumbers, since dampness and cold contribute to the development of fungal diseases – rot, bacteriosis, anthracnose, powdery mildew, etc. If you grow disease-resistant crops, you will not encounter such a problem. Thanks to the work of breeders, there are a large number of hybrids and varieties that are immune to pathologies, among them a special place is occupied by:

1. Pasadena. Harvest, mid-early, pickling partenokarpik with a female type of flowering. Pasadena is designed for growing both in open and closed ground. It has cylindrical cucumbers of beautiful green color 8 cm long and weighing 60-80 g. The hybrid is resistant to powdery mildew, mosaic, cladosporiosis.
2. Ibn Sina. Parthenocarpic with a female type of flowering. Mid-ripe cucumbers are characterized by a cylindrical shape, a dark green color, a smooth, glossy surface. The length of Zelentsy is from 15 to 17 cm. Ibn Sina can be used fresh, grows equally well on open or closed ground. The hybrid is characterized by resistance to powdery mildew, root rot.
3. Octopus. Harvest, bee pollinated, pickling hybrid. The plant is immune to peronosporosis, olive blotch, powdery mildew, mosaic virus. Octopus grows exclusively on open ground and bears fruit in cylindrical green, tuberous, white-spiked cucumbers, reaching a length of 9 cm.

For Moscow region

In the middle lane it is recommended to grow several types of cucumbers at the same time on the plot (from 3 to 7), and choose both parthenocarpic and bee pollinated. The best crops for the Moscow region are:

1. Sight. Early ripe cucumbers for open ground (bee pollinated), which are best used for salting. The plant belongs to mid-season, having a female type of flowering. The gaze is resistant to peronosporosis, bacteriosis. Cucumbers are dark green, celindric, with a rare black pubescence. The length of greenery is from 9 to 11 cm, and the mass reaches 110 g. The flesh of the cucumbers is tender, juicy, sweetish..
2. Movir. Late-ripening, versatile, fruitful cucumbers that are suitable for fresh consumption or pickling. Zelentsy reaches a length of 12 cm, their mass varies within 65-75 g. The crop plant bears fruit 40-55 days after emergence. Movir exclusively grows on open ground, as it is pollinated by bees.
3. State Farm. An early ripe crop hybrid, characterized by short-hobbling and rapid ripening (fruiting occurs on 44-50 days after emergence). Suitable for salting, fresh consumption, have an elliptical shape, covered with small tubercles. The length of the vegetable is 8-11 cm, with a mass of 40 to 95 g. The state farm is resistant to downy / powdery mildew, tobacco mosaic, angular spotting..

Dutch varieties

The popularity of such crops is due to the reliability of the seed: when buying seeds of Dutch cucumbers, you can be sure that the fruits will be protected from diseases. Their other differences are self-pollination, excellent taste characteristics, and rich yield. The most popular Dutch varieties of cucumbers for open ground are:

1. Meringue. Universal, superearly bush, fruiting with greenbacks without bitterness, with the correct cylindrical shape, dark green color. Meringue is suitable for open or covered ground, harvesting takes place 35-40 days after emergence, and the plant bears fruit throughout the growing season. The hybrid is characterized by a cylindrical shape, large tubercles, small size (about 12 cm), white spikes on the surface.
2. Deppina. Universal, early vegetable, resistant to diseases, high temperatures. Cucumbers reach a length of 10-12 cm, have a cylindrical shape, light green color, dense juicy flesh. Ideal for eating fresh or preparing winter preparations.
3. Bettina. One of the most productive, early ripe hybrids for planting in open or closed ground. Bettina is resistant to peronosporosis, powdery mildew, lack of light, clodosporiosis. Cucumbers are covered with large tubercles, have a cylindrical shape, reach a length of 12 cm. Bettina is characterized by a gentle fresh taste without bitterness..